Problems
A village sage once said: Only dead people are without problems. This sage was not formally educated but he was wise.
Mathematically, The statement Only dead people are without problems is a conjecture because as mortals, we can not prove it.
Nonetheless, we intuitively feel its veracity in our physical realm. So, the following fundamental axiom about problems is plausible: problems are existential states of awareness.
The implication of this axiom is that a healthy cognitive ability is a prerequisite for the awareness of problems.
What is a problem? A problem is any unknown which we have the desire to know. We usually express this desire as a query.
For example, the query "what is your name?" is a simple problem. The name of the person of interest is the unknown which we have the desire to know.
The query, "How many stars are in the Universe?" is a more complicated problem.
A problem can also be a known situation with undesired and unpleasant effects.
For example, bankruptcy is a known financial problem with undesired and unpleasant effects.
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